| 詞或詞組 | 中文 | 英文解釋中文解釋 |
|---|---|---|
| O-ring (O-ring seal) | O形圈（O形密封圈） |
A toroidal ring of synthetic rubber seated in a groove machined into a flat or cylindrical surface to act as a seal. 一種環形合成橡膠環，位于加工成平面或圓柱表面的凹槽中，起密封作用。 |
| Observed value | 觀測值 |
The particular value of a characteristic determined as a result of a test or measurement. 作為測試或測量結果確定的特性的特定值。 |
| Octane number | 辛烷值 |
(octane rating) A measure of the anti-knock properties of a fuel taken as the percentage by volume of iso-octane in the fuel. （辛烷值）以燃料中異辛烷的體積百分比表示的燃料抗爆性能的量度。 |
| Offset | 偏移 |
The distance along the strain coordinate between the initial portion of a stress-strain curve and a line parallel to the initial portion that intersects the stress-strain curve at a value of stress (commonly 0.2%) that is used as a measure of the yield strength. Used for materials that have no obvious yield point. 應力-應變曲線的初始部分與平行于初始部分的線之間沿應變坐標的距離，該線以應力值（通常為0.2%）與應力-變形曲線相交，該應力值用作屈服強度的度量。用于沒有明顯屈服點的材料。 |
| Offset modulus | 補償模量 |
The ratio of the offset yield stress to the extension at the offset point (plastics). 偏移屈服應力與偏移點（塑料）處延伸的比率。 |
| Offset yield strength | 條件屈服強度 |
The stress at which the strain exceeds by a specified amount (the offset) an extension of the initial proportional portion of the stress-strain curve. Expressed in force per unit area. 應變超過應力-應變曲線初始比例部分延伸規定量（偏移）的應力。以每單位面積的力表示。 |
| Oil hardening | 油回火 |
The formation of martensite before tempering by quenching suitable steels in oil at lower cooling rates than given by water quenching, thus reducing the likelihood of component fracture or severe residual stresses. Quench-hardening treatment involving cooling in oil. 通過在油中以低于水淬的冷卻速率淬火合適的鋼，在回火前形成馬氏體，從而降低部件斷裂或嚴重殘余應力的可能性。是一種淬火硬化處理，包括在油中冷卻。 |
| Oil quenching | 油淬 |
Hardening of carbon steel in an oil bath. Oils are categorized as conventional, fast, martempering, or hot quenching. 碳鋼在油浴中的硬化。分為常規、快速、馬氏體淬火或熱淬火。 |
| Oil-cooled | 油冷卻 |
A term for a machine that uses circulating oil to remove heat. 使用循環油散熱的機器的術語。 |
| Oldham coupling | 十字聯軸節 |
(double-slider coupling) A device for connecting a pair of misaligned parallel shafts, on the end of each of which are flanges having diametral tenons (tongues) that engage with matching slots spaced at 90° in an intermediate disc. As the coupling rotates, the disc compensates for shaft offset by sliding along each tenon in turn. Low-friction surfaces are requisite and the disc is often made of a polymer. An alternative arrangement has the slots in the flanges and the tenons on the disc. （雙滑塊聯軸器）一種連接一對未對準平行軸的裝置，在每個平行軸的端部有法蘭，法蘭具有直徑榫（舌），與中間盤中間隔90°的匹配槽接合。當聯軸器旋轉時，圓盤通過依次沿每個榫頭滑動來補償軸偏移。低摩擦表面是必需的，閥盤通常由聚合物制成。另一種布置方式是法蘭上的槽和閥盤上的榫頭。 |
| Olsen cup test | 奧爾森杯測試 |
A cupping test in which a piece of sheet metal, restrained except at the center, is deformed by a standard steel ball until fracture occurs. The height of the cup at time of fracture is a measure of the ductility. 一種杯突試驗，其中一塊金屬板，除了中心以外，被一個標準鋼球變形，直到發生斷裂。斷裂時杯的高度是延展性的量度。 |
| Orange peel | 橘皮 |
A surface roughening in the form of a pebble-grained pattern where a metal of unusually coarse grain is stressed beyond its elastic limit. Also known as pebbles and alligator skin. 一種以卵石顆粒圖案形式出現的粗糙化表面，其中晶粒異常粗的金屬受到的應力超過其彈性極限。也稱為卵石和鱷魚皮。 |
| Outside diameter (Unit m) | 外徑（單位：m） |
(external diameter, OD) The diameter of a circular cylindrical tube or a sphere measured between opposite points on the external surface. （外徑，OD）在外表面上的相對點之間測量的圓柱管或球體的直徑。 |
| Overaging | 過時效 |
Aging under conditions of time and temperature greater than those required to obtain maximum change in a certain property, so that the property is altered in the direction of the initial value. 在時間和溫度條件下的時效大于獲得某一特性最大變化所需的時間和溫度，從而使該特性沿初始值的方向發生變化。 |
| Overheating | 過熱 |
Heating a metal or alloy to such a high temperature that its properties are impaired. When the original properties cannot be restored by further heat treating, by mechanical working, or by a combination of working and heat treating, the overheating is known as burning. 將金屬或合金加熱至其性能受損的高溫。當通過進一步熱處理、機械加工或加工與熱處理的組合無法恢復原始性能時，過熱稱為燃燒。 |
| Oxidation | 氧化 |
(1) A reaction in which there is an increase in valence resulting from a loss of electrons. (2) A corrosion reaction in which the corroded metal forms an oxide; usually applied to reaction with a gas containing elemental oxygen, such as air. （1）因電子損失而導致價態增加的反應。（2）腐蝕反應，其中被腐蝕的金屬形成氧化物；通常用于與含有元素氧的氣體如空氣反應。 |
| Oxidative wear | 氧化磨損 |
A type of wear resulting from the sliding action between two metallic components that generates oxide films on the metal surfaces. These oxide films prevent the formation of a metallic bond between the sliding surfaces, resulting in fine wear debris and low wear rates. 由兩個金屬部件之間的滑動作用導致的一種磨損，在金屬表面上產生氧化膜。這些氧化膜防止在滑動表面之間形成金屬結合，導致細磨屑和低磨損率。 |
| Oxidized surface (on steel) | 氧化表面（在鋼上） |
Surface having a thin, tightly adhering, oxidized skin (from straw to blue in color), extending in from the edge of a coil or sheet. Sometimes called annealing border. 表面具有薄的、緊密粘附的氧化皮（從稻草色到藍色），從線圈或薄片的邊緣延伸。有時稱為退火邊界。 |
| Oxidizing agent | 氧化劑 |
A compound that causes oxidation, thereby itself becoming reduced. 一種引起氧化從而自身被還原的化合物。 |
| Oxidizing flame | 氧化焰 |
A gas flame produced with excess oxygen in the inner flame. 在內部火焰中過量氧氣產生的氣體火焰。 |
| Oxygen probe | 定氧測頭 |
An atmosphere-monitoring device that electronically measures the difference between the partial pressure of oxygen in a furnace or furnace supply atmosphere and the external air. 一種大氣監測裝置，以電子方式測量熔爐或熔爐供應大氣中的氧分壓與外部空氣之間的差值。 |